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城市帳篷:摩天大樓的透氣皮膚

Editor’s Choice 
2016 Skyscraper Competition

Woo Min Lee, Kang Min Yoo, Justin Baek, Tamin Song
New Zealand

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While the use of glass in skyscrapers has proliferated, contemporary skyscrapers are effectively closed off from the environment. Since its inception, the use of closed and artificially controlled interior environments have caused large strains on the planet’s resources; have made these buildings homogenous experientially; and have also caused sicknesses related to this over-reliance on air-conditioning. Modern humans now live, work, play and learn in towers with the outside as if it were wallpaper: despite it snowing outside, the occupants feel no cold; nor feel any heat during a hot summer’s day. While comfort is of importance, this comfort-craziness has driven more and more advanced air-conditioning technology creating buildings that no longer open up to the nature’s seasonal changes and are the same all year round.

雖然摩天大樓玻璃的使用激增,但當代摩天大樓實際上已被封閉在環境之外。自成立以來,封閉和人為控制的內部環境的使用給地球的資源造成了巨大的壓力; 使這些建筑物在經驗上是同質的; 也導致了與過度依賴空調相關的疾病?,F代人類現在與外界一起生活,工作,玩耍和學習塔樓,就好像它是壁紙一樣:盡管外面下雪,但居住者感覺不到寒冷; 在炎熱的夏季也不會感受到任何熱量。盡管舒適度非常重要,但這種舒適的瘋狂已經促使越來越多先進的空調技術創造出不再適應自然季節變化的建筑,并且全年都是如此。


The Urban Tent seeks to change this static typology by reutilising the traditional tent concept: a breathable skin that adapts for multiple environmental settings without resorting to air-conditioning. Using innovations in smart fabric technology, such as the UHMWP fabric (ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene), the Urban Tent Skyscraper can do more than traditional tent fabrics with its dynamic properties of transparencies, porosities, insulations, tensions, strengths and plasticity. The design for the Urban Tent Skyscraper is conceived as being more like the human skin with an outer porous fabric membrane around the outside of the building, like the epidermis, and different additional inner layers of fabric-walls around all the interior rooms and in particular spaces creating multiple temperatures and different layers of interior conditions within the whole building. Consequently, occupants can then choose to be in zones of different comfort and temperatures which also creates an opportunity for co-existence of different trees and plants. People can be enjoying the winter without feeling too cold in the outer zones, or feeling warm by being inside one of the warmer inner layer fabric rooms. The outside and inside fabric work together in a way that it creates different environmental conditions and different micro-climates on the inside of the building so that the harsh outside natural environment is filtered into the building in different amounts in different zones of the interior.

城市帳篷試圖通過重新使用傳統的帳篷理念來改變這種靜態類型:透氣的皮膚適應多種環境設置,而不訴諸于空調。通過采用智能織物技術(如超高分子量聚乙烯)等創新技術,城市帳篷摩天大樓的透明度,孔隙率,絕緣性,張力,強度和強度等動態性能可以超越傳統的帳篷織物??伤苄?。城市帳篷摩天大樓的設計被認為更像人體皮膚,在建筑物外圍有一層外部多孔織物膜,如表皮,以及圍繞所有內部空間并且特別是在整個建筑物內創建多個溫度和不同層內部條件的特定空間的不同附加內部織物壁。因此,居住者可以選擇在不同的舒適度和溫度區域,這也為不同的樹木和植物共存創造了機會。人們可以享受冬季,而不會在外部區域感到太冷,或者在內部溫暖的內層織物房間內感受到溫暖。外部和內部織物以一種方式協同工作,在建筑物內部產生不同的環境條件和不同的微氣候,從而惡劣的外部自然環境在內部的不同區域以不同的量過濾進入建筑物。


The Urban Tent is envisioned to work well in a site like in Seoul where there are four extreme seasons: hot summers, freezing-cold winters, chilly autumns and warm springs. In order to adapt to these radical changes, the tower is capable of opening and closing, like traditional tent mechanisms, to change not only the macro-climate of the tower but also the micro-climates inside. In summer, the tower’s outer and inner fabric walls can open up so that natural ventilation can occur throughout; spring and autumn can have varying levels and interior rooms opened and closed depending on each floor levels’ requirements; and in winter the tower’s fabric is fully closed with additional ice-capturing to increase insulation capacity.

城市帳篷設想在像漢城這樣的四個極端季節:炎熱的夏季,寒冷的冬季,寒冷的秋季和溫暖的溫泉。為了適應這些激進的變化,塔像傳統的帳篷機制一樣能夠打開和關閉,不僅能改變塔的宏觀氣候,還能改變塔內的微氣候。在夏季,塔樓的外墻和內墻布料可以打開,以便自然通風。春季和秋季可以有不同的水平,并根據每個樓層的要求打開和關閉室內空間; 在冬天,塔的織物完全關閉,并增加冰塊捕捉以增加保溫能力。

Because of these varying micro-climates inside the tower, rather than completely cutting people off from nature, the tower begins to bridge people closer to nature. As technology advances, architecture should follow suit to enhance the sense of experience and integration to nature so that the daily-lives can also be equally enriched; redefining the fundamental concept of shelter in architecture to that of not only protection from but integration to nature. The architecture is a new spatial experience of ephemeral beauty like that of nature: it changes with sunlight, captures shadows and warps with the wind. We imagine that this kind of design will allow for many more different kinds of activity and experiences to occur in daily life of the building as people are moved closer to nature, even in an urban environment.

由于塔內這些不同的微氣候,而不是完全切斷大自然的人,塔開始橋接人們更接近自然。隨著技術的進步,建筑應該效仿,增強對大自然的感受和融合,使日常生活也同樣豐富; 將建筑庇護的基本概念重新定義為不僅保護而且融入自然。這座建筑是一種像自然界那樣的短暫美麗的全新空間體驗:它隨著陽光的變化而變化,捕捉陰影和風中的翹曲。我們設想,這種設計將允許在建筑物的日常生活中發生更多不同類型的活動和體驗,因為人們即使在城市環境中也會接近大自然。


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